Gender and Delinquency

Gender Differences in Development

Masculinity Hypothesis

Socialization Differences

Cognitive Differences

Personality Differences

What Does This Mean to Me? Sexual Harassment

What Causes Gender Differences?

Gender-Schema Theory

Gender Patterns in Delinquency

Violent Behavior

Checkpoints

Female delinquency was considered unimportant by early delinquency experts because girls rarely committed crime, and when they did it was sexual in nature.

Interest in female delinquency has risen because the female crime rate has been increasing, while the male rate is in decline.

There are distinct gender patterns in development that may explain crime rate differences.

Girls are socialized to be less aggressive than boys.

Girls read better and have better verbal skills than boys.

Gender differences may have both biological and social origins.

The female proportion of the delinquency rate has grown at a faster pace than that of males during the past twenty-five years.

Though males still are arrested more often than females, the intergender patterns of delinquency are remarkably similar.

Are Female Delinquents Born that Way?

Early Biological Explanations

Chivalry Hypothesis

Early Psychological Explanations

Contemporary Trait Views

Precocious Sexuality

Hormonal Effects

Premenstrual Syndrome

Aggression

Contemporary Psychological Views

Socialization Views

Socialization and Delinquency

Focus on Socialization

Broken Homes/Fallen Women

Contemporary Socialization Views

Focus on Preventing and Treating Delinquency: Preventing Teen Pregnancy

Liberal Feminist Views

Support for Liberal Feminism

Liberal Feminism

Critical Feminists

Critiques of Liberal Feminism

Critical Feminist Views

Crime and Patriarchy

Power-Control Theory

Egalitarian Families

Checkpoints

There are a variety of views on why girls become delinquent and why there are gender differences in the crime rate.

At one time it was believed that girls were naturally less aggressive and female criminals were a biological aberration.

Some experts still believe that hormonal differences can explain why males are more aggressive.

Some experts believe that males are more aggressive because they have evolved that way to secure mates.

Under some circumstances females may act more aggressively than males.

Some experts believe that girls have been socialized to be less violent.

Female delinquents may be the product of a destructive home life, rebelling against abusive parents.

The liberal feminist view is that girls did not have the same opportunities to commit crime as boys and that rising female crime rates represent changing life circumstances.

Critical feminists see female delinquency as a function of male domination and abuse.

Gender and the Juvenile Justice System